Evaluating Information Risk Propagation in Complex Public Opinion Environments Based on the Improved Grey Relational Analysis—Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory Method

The propagation of information risk in complex public opinion environments not only leads to severe direct reputational losses for companies but also results significant economic damages. Therefore, during the nascent stage risk, identifying potential pathways, determining key dissemination channels, and taking timely measures become crucial. To address this issue, paper proposes a multi-criteria decision-making method evaluating environments. In method, utilizes probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets express evaluation information, provide several distance similarity measurement methods elements. ensure rationality indicator weights, study first applies these improve Grey Relational Analysis—Decision Making Trial Evaluation Laboratory (GRA-DEMATEL) objective weights indicators. Next, uses Delphi establish subjective each indicator. Finally, by employing weight synthesis operator, combines obtain final weights. Additionally, elements combined compromise solution (CoCoSo) ranking pathways. Furthermore, incorporates “Probability Splitting Algorithm” handle elements, enabling their application methodologies. based on case catering industry, we conducted sensitivity analysis effectiveness verification proposed approach. demonstrate its ability real-world issues.